There are many types of Endocrine Disorders such as Adrenal disorders, Glucose homeostasis disorders, Metabolic bone disease, Pituitary gland disorders, Parathyroid gland disorders, Sex hormone disorders, Thyroid disorders, Tumours of the endocrine glands, Autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes, Incidentaloma etc.

Endocrinology is a branch of medicine dealing with disorder of the endocrine system and its specific secretions called hormones, the integration of developmental events such as proliferation, growth, and differentiation (including histogenesis and organogenesis) and the coordination of metabolism, respiration, excretion, movement, reproduction, and sensory perception depend on chemical cues, substances synthesised and secreted by specialized cells.

Endocrinology is concerned with the study of the biosynthesis, storage, chemistry, and physiological function of hormones and with the cells of the endocrine glands and tissues that secrete them.

The endocrine system consists of several glands, in different parts of the body, that secrete hormones directly into the blood rather than into a duct system. Hormones have many different functions and modes of action; one hormone may have several effects on different target organs, and, conversely, one target organ may be affected by more than one hormone.

It is  classified as a hormone, a chemical must be produced by an organ, be released (in small amounts) into the blood, and be transported by the blood to a distant organ to exert its specific function. There are also paracrine mechanisms (chemical communication between cells within a tissue or organ), autocrine signals (a chemical that acts on the same cell), and intracrine signals (a chemical that acts within the same cell).A neuroendocrine signal is a "classical" hormone that is released into the blood by a neurosecretory neuron.

Hormones act by binding to specific receptors in the target organ. A receptor has at least two basic constituents:

1. a recognition site, to which the hormone binds
2. an effector site, which precipitates the modification of cellular function.

Adrenal Disorders:

• Adrenal insufficiency
• Addison's disease
• Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (adrenogenital syndrome)
• Mineralocorticoid deficiency
• Conn's syndrome
• Cushing's syndrome
• adrenogenital syndrome
• Pheochromocytoma
• Adrenocortical carcinoma
• GRA/Glucocorticoid remediable aldosteronism

Glucose Homeostasis Disorders:

• Diabetes mellitus
• Hypoglycemia
• Idiopathic hypoglycemia
• Insulinoma

Metabolic Bone Disease:

• Osteoporosis
• Osteitis deformans (Paget's disease of bone)
• Rickets and osteomalacia

Pituitary Gland Disorders:

• Diabetes insipidus
• Hypopituitarism (or Panhypopituitarism)
• Pituitary tumors
• Pituitary adenomas
• Prolactinoma (or Hyperprolactinemia)
• Acromegaly, gigantism
• Cushing's disease

Parathyroid gland disorders:

• Primary hyperparathyroidism
• Secondary hyperparathyroidism
• Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
• Hypoparathyroidism
• Pseudohypoparathyroidism

Sex Hormone Disorders:

• Disorders of sex development or intersex disorders
• Hermaphroditism
• Gonadal dysgenesis
• Androgen insensitivity syndromes
• Hypogonadism
• Gonadotropin deficiency
• Kallmann syndrome
• Klinefelter syndrome
• Ovarian failure
• Testicular failure
• Turner syndrome
• Disorders of Gender
• Gender identity disorder
• Disorders of Puberty
• Delayed puberty
• Precocious puberty

Menstrual function or fertility disorders :

• Amenorrhea
• Polycystic ovary syndrome

Thyroid disorders:

• Goiter
• Hyperthyroidism and Graves-Basedow disease
• Hypothyroidism
• Thyroiditis
• Thyroid cancer

Tumours of the endocrine glands not mentioned elsewhere

• Multiple endocrine neoplasia
• MEN type 1
• MEN type 2a
• MEN type 2b

Autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes
Incidentaloma - an unexpected finding on diagnostic imaging, often of endocrine glands

Sr	Sub Group	Generic Prescription (Rx) Drugs	Generic Prescription (Rx) Drugs In Treatment Of	Common Brand Name for Generic Prescription (Rx) Drugs
1.	GONADOL HORMONE & RELATED DRUGS	ALLYLESTRENOL	Mgt of threatened miscarriage
		BROMOCRIPTINE	Hypogonadism;Galactorrhea;Infertility	Parlodel
		DANAZOL	Treatment of benegin breast disorders	Danocrine
		DYDROGESTERONE	Mgt of recurrent miscarriage	Duphaston
		ESTROGENS	Menapausal HRT;replacement therapyfor primary ovarian failure;Palliative treatment of Prostatic Carcinoma: Intravenous;  Acute treatment of uterine bleeding	Oestrogen
		ETHYL ESTRADIOL	HRT;Female Hypoestrogensim
		HUMAN MENOPAUSAL GNADOTROPHINES	Female infertility,Infertility in male,In vitro fertilisation procedures or other assisted conception techniques
		HYDROXY-PROGESTERONE CAPROATE	Mgt of recurrent miscarriage
		MEDROXY-PROGESTERONE	Mild to moderate Endometriosis;Menorrhagia;Secondary Amenorrhoea;as Progesterone component in menapausal HRT
		MESTEROLONE	Androgen defeciency disorders;infertility due to hypogonadism
		NAFARELIN	Treatment of Endometriosis
		NORETHISTERONE	Contraception;treatment of Endometriosis,Menorrhagia, Menopausal HRT,Premenstrual syndrome,treatment of breast cancer
		PROGESTERONE	Dysfunctional Uterine bleeding;Amenorrhoea
		TESTOSTERONE DERIVATIVES	Dysfunctional Uterine bleeding;Amenorrhoea
		TIBOLONE	Treatment of menopausal vasomotor symptoms and prevention of post menopausal Osteoporosis
		TRIPTORELIN	Mgt of Endometriosis & Uterine Fibroids,mgt of femal infertility,mgt of precocious puberty	Decopeptyl,Diphereline, Gonapeptyl,Trelstor
		UROFOLLITROPIN	Female infertility/ Polycystic ovarian disease,in vitro fertilisation procedure,male infertility	Bravelle,Fertinex, Follistim, Gonal -F
2.	CORTICOSTEROIDS	BETAMETHASONE	Soft tissue inflammation
		DEXAMETHASONE	Antiemetic	Dexacort
		HYDROCORTISONE ACETATE	Replacement therapy in Adrenocortical insufficiency
		PREDNISOLONE	Suppression of allergic and inflammatory responses,bronchial asthama,severe dermatological reactions
		TRIAMCINOLONE	Replacement therapy in Adrenal insufficiency	Kenolog,Aristocort, Nasacort, Tri-Nasal, Treiderm,Azmacort, Trilone,Volon A, Tricorlone, Triensence
3.	TROPHIC HORMONES	CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN	Treatment of pre pubertal cryptorchidism,treatment of infertility due to hypogondotrophic hypogonadism;induction of ovulation and pregnency
4.	THYROIDS &ANTITHYROID DRUGS	CARBIMAZOLE	Mgt of Hyperthyroidism;preparation for thyroidectomy;adjunct to radio-iodine therapy;Grave's Disease
		LEVOTHYROXINE	Replacement therapy in treatment of Hypothyroidism;treatment of congenital Hypothyroidism,treatment of juvenile Myxoedema	Thyrax, Evthyrox, Levaxin,L-thyroxine, Eltroxin,Thyrox, Evtirox, Levoxyl, Synthroid
5.	GROWTH DISORDER	BROMOCRIPTINE	Adjunct to surgery and radiotherapy in patient w/ acromegaly	Parlodel
		OCTREOTIDE	Mgt of secretory neoplasms;treatment of acromegaly,prevention of complications following pancreatic surgery	Sandostatin
		SOMATROPIN	Treatment of growth Harmone defeciency;treatment of Turner's Syndrome,treatment of growth retardation due to chronic renal insufficiency
6.	VASOPRESSIN ANALOGUES	DESMOPRESSIN	Control of Cranial Diabetes insipidus;mgt of primary Nocturnal Enuresis	DDAVP, Stimate,Minirin
		TERLIPRESSIN	Intravenous;   Treatment of acute Oesphagal Variceal Haemorrhage	Glypressin
		VASOPRESSIN	Intravenous;   Initial control of Variceal Bleeding; treatment of Diabetes Insipidus	Orgipressin, Anti Divretic

A. Corticosteroids:
Corticosteroids are a class of steroid hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex. Corticosteroids are involved in a wide range of physiologic systems such as stress response, immune response and regulation of inflammation, carbohydrate metabolism, protein catabolism, blood electrolyte levels, and behavior. Examples of Corticosteroids are as follows:

Brand Names	Generic Prescription (Rx) Drugs
decadron	dexamethasone
deltasone,prednisone	prednisolone

B. Gonadal Hormones & Related Drugs:
The male and female gonads produce steroid sex hormones, identical to those producted by adrenal cortical cells.
The male gonads known as the testes or testicles, secrete a class of hormones called androgens, and produce spermatozoa
The female gonads known as the ovaries, secrete the hormones estrogen and progesterone, as well as ova. Examples of Gonadal Hormones & Related Drugs are as follows. Various Drugs are as follows:

Brand Names	Generic Prescription (Rx) Drugs
premarin	estrogens
aygestin	norethindrone acetate
allyoestrenol	allyloestrenol
danocrine	danazol
provera,cycrin	medroxyprogesterone

C. NSAIDs Antirheumatism:
Rheumatism or Rheumatic disorder is a non-specific term for medical problems affecting the heart, bones, joints, kidney, skin and lung. Examples of NSAIDs Antirheumatism are as follows.

Brand Names	Generic Prescription (Rx) Drugs
feldene	piroxicam

D. Thyroid & Antithyroid:
The Thyroid is one of the largest endocrine glands in the body. The thyroid controls how quickly the body burns energy, makes proteins, and how sensitive the body should be to other hormones.The thyroid participates in these processes by producing thyroid hormones, principally thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). The diseases of Thyroid are treated with

An antithyroid agent is a hormone antagonist acting upon thyroid hormones. Examples of Antithyroids are as follows:

Brand Names	Generic Prescription (Rx) Drugs
synthroid	levothyroxine
levothroid,synthroid	levothyroxine